１０００兆円の借金ってどれ位 ― 2011年08月03日 21時06分
切りのいい１０００兆円の借金を、生まれたばかりの赤ちゃんを含めて日本国民１人当たりに換算すると、７８０万円となる。４人家族なら約３０００万円で、郊外に行けば、一軒家が買える借金を知らぬ間に抱えていることになる。これでは、持ち家を持ちたいのなら２軒分建てないといけない。
この１０００兆円という天文学的な数字、想像もつかないような巨額さだが、１に続いて０が１５個も並ぶ。
１,０００,０００,０００,０００,０００円
１０００兆の１０倍が１京、めったにお目にかかることの無い単位であるが、それに近づきつつあると言うことである。
例えば年１％の金利と仮定しても、１秒間で３１万円、１分間で１９００万円、１時間で１１億円。たった１日で２７０億円、１年間で１０兆円の利子がつく。
実際の平均金利は、財務省発行の債務管理リポート２０１０によると平成２２年３月末で１．３６％（利付け国債のみで、割引国債は除く）である。だから、１０００兆円の借金に対して利払いは年間、約１４兆円にもなる。
最近の１０年新発国債利回り（いわゆる長期金利）は歴史的にかなり低いレベルにあって、少し前まで１％を割っていた。だから、満期が訪れた国債を借り換えしていくと平均金利が下がっていき、利払いも増えず、だから破綻しないという人がいる。
［図表９］によると、確かにほんの十数年前には、長期金利が５％を超えていた。それを考えると、国債残高が何倍にもなっているのに、利払い費はわずかに増えただけだ。国債発行額の増加以上に長期金利が下がっているからだ。明らかに財務省と日銀は金利が下がるよう誘導している。
ここで、「利率」、「利回り」、「価格」について解説しておく。
「利率」は、額面金額に対して１年間で何％の利息が付くかを示したものだ。利率は、国債発行時の市場の実勢により決定され、償還まで変わらない。
「利回り」は、購入した国債の１年当たりの運用益をパーセントで示したものだ。購入「価格」が高くなると、最終利回り（運用益）は低くなり、逆に価格が低くなると、最終利回りが高くなる。
（この続きが、電子書籍販売サイトのパブーにて無料で読めます）
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